Kerim Aliyevich Kerimov (Azerbaijani Azerbaijani is a language belonging to the Turkic language family, spoken in southwestern Asia, primarily in Azerbaijan and northwestern Iran. Azeri is member of the Oghuz branch of the Turkic languages and is closely related to Turkish: Kərim Əli oğlu Kərimov, Russian Russian is the most geographically widespread language of Eurasia, the most widely spoken of the Slavic languages, and the largest native language in Europe. Russian belongs to the family of Indo-European languages and is one of three living members of the East Slavic languages, the others being Belarusian and Ukrainian (and possibly Rusyn,: Керим Алиевич Керимов; 1917 – 2003) was an Azerbaijani Azerbaijan (pronounced /ˌæzərbaɪˈdʒɑːn/ ; Azerbaijani: Azərbaycan), formally the Republic of Azerbaijan (Azerbaijani: Azərbaycan Respublikası), is a country in the Caucasus region of Eurasia. Located at the crossroads of Western Asia and Eastern Europe, it is bounded by the Caspian Sea to the east, Russia to the north, Georgia to the Soviet The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics , occasionally called the United Soviet Socialist Republic, was a constitutionally socialist state that existed in Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. The name is a translation of the Russian: Союз Советских Социалистических Республик (help·info), tr. Soyuz Sovetskikh rocket scientist, one of the founders of the Soviet space industry, and for many years a central figure in the Soviet space program The Soviet space program consisted of pioneering initiatives within the Soviet Union by competing design groups. Being primarily a military program, it was classified. Sergey Korolyov was the head of the principal design group; his official title was "chief designer" (a standard title for similar positions in USSR). Unlike the early US. Despite his prominent role, his identity was kept a secret from the public for most of his career.[1][2] He was one of the lead architects behind the string of Soviet successes that stunned the world from the late 1950s – from the launch of the first satellite In the context of spaceflight, a satellite is an object which has been placed into orbit by human endeavor. Such objects are sometimes called artificial satellites to distinguish them from natural satellites such as the Moon, the Sputnik 1 Sputnik 1 (Russian: "Спутник-1" Russian pronunciation: [ˈsputnʲɪk], "Satellite-1", ПС-1 ) was the world's first Earth-orbiting artificial satellite. It was launched into a low altitude elliptical orbit by the Soviet Union on 4 October 1957, and was the first in a series of satellites collectively known as the in 1957,[3] and the first human spaceflight A human spaceflight is a spaceflight with a human crew, and possibly passengers. This makes it unlike robotic space probes or remotely-controlled satellites. Human spaceflight is sometimes called manned spaceflight, a term now deprecated by major space agencies in favor of its gender-neutral alternative, Yuri Gagarin Yuri Alekseyevich Gagarin , Hero of the Soviet Union, was a Soviet cosmonaut. On 12 April 1961, he became the first human in outer space and the first to orbit the Earth. He received medals from around the world for his pioneering tour in space's 108-minute trip around the globe aboard the Vostok 1 Vostok 1 was the first human spaceflight. The Vostok 3KA spacecraft was launched on April 12, 1961, taking into space Yuri Gagarin, a cosmonaut from the Soviet Union. The Vostok 1 mission was the first time anyone had journeyed into outer space and the first time anyone had entered into orbit. The Vostok 1 was launched by the Soviet space program in 1961, to the launch of the first space docks A space dock is a fictional type of 'dry dock' for spaceships or starships. However, concept work has been undertaken on real space dock facilities that could be built with current technology. In both real-world as well as fictional use, they provide dedicated facilities to repair or build spacecraft, bypassing the need to lift materials from a, Cosmos 186 and Cosmos 188 Cosmos 186 and Cosmos 188 incorporated a Soyuz programme descent module for landing scientific instruments and test objects. The two USSR spacecraft made the first fully automated space docking in the history of space exploration on October 30, 1967. Mutual search, approach, mooring, and docking were automatically performed by the IGLA-system on in 1967, and the first space stations A space station is an artificial structure designed for humans to live in outer space. So far only low earth orbit stations are implemented, also known as orbital stations. A space station is distinguished from other manned spacecraft by its lack of major propulsion or landing facilities—instead, other vehicles are used as transport to and from, the Salyut The Salyut program was the first space station program undertaken by the Soviet Union, which consisted of a series of nine single-module space stations launched over a period of eleven years from 1971 to 1982. Intended as a project to carry out long-term research into the problems of living in space and a variety of astronomical, biological and and Mir Mir was a Soviet (and later Russian) space station. Mir was the world's first consistently inhabited long-term research station in space, and the first of the third generation type of space station, constructed from 1986 1996 with a modular design. The station was in operation for fifteen years until 23 March 2001, when it was deliberately de- series from 1971 to 1991.[1][2]
Contents |
Early life
Kerim Kerimov was born on November 14 November 14 is the 318th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. There are 47 days remaining until the end of the year, 1917 Year 1917 was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Sunday of the 13-day-slower Julian calendar) in a family of an engineer-technologist in Baku Baku , sometimes known as Baqy, Baky, Baki or Bakü, is the capital, the largest city, and the largest port of Azerbaijan and all Caucasus. Located on the southern shore of the Absheron Peninsula, the city consists of two principal parts: the downtown and the old Inner City (21,5 ha). Baku is one of the oldest and biggest cities in East for, Azerbaijan Azerbaijan (pronounced /ˌæzərbaɪˈdʒɑːn/ ; Azerbaijani: Azərbaycan), formally the Republic of Azerbaijan (Azerbaijani: Azərbaycan Respublikası), is a country in the Caucasus region of Eurasia. Located at the crossroads of Western Asia and Eastern Europe, it is bounded by the Caspian Sea to the east, Russia to the north, Georgia to the (then part of the Russian Empire The Russian Empire was a state that existed from 1721 until the Russian Revolution of 1917. It was the successor to the Tsardom of Russia, and the predecessor of the Soviet Union. It was the second largest contiguous empire the world had seen, surpassed only by the Mongol Empire. At one point in 1866, it stretched from eastern Europe, across Asia,). After graduation from the Azerbaijan Industrial Institute Azerbaijan State Oil Academy (Azerbaijani: Azərbaycan Dövlət Neft Akademiyası (ADNA)) is a public university located in Baku, Azerbaijan in 1942, Kerimov continued his education at Dzerzhinsky Artillery Academy Unlike Western military academies such as West Point, Soviet, now Russian, military and police institutions referred to as "academy" are post-graduate professional schools for experienced commissioned officers who already have a Bachelor's degree. Upon graduation, these officers receive an equivalent of Master's degree and, if trained in, where he committed himself to design and development of rocket systems.
Adulthood
An expert in rocket technology, he worked during World War II World War II, or the Second World War , was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including all of the great powers, organized into two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis. The war involved the mobilization of over 100 million military personnel, making it the most widespread war in history on the inspection and acceptance of the famous Katyusha Katyusha multiple rocket launchers are a type of rocket artillery first built and fielded by the Soviet Union in World War II. Compared to other artillery, these multiple rocket launchers deliver a devastating amount of explosives to an area target quickly, but with lower accuracy and requiring a longer time to reload. They are fragile compared to rocket launchers. His work was honoured with the Order of the Red Star Established on 6 April 1930, the Order of the Red Star was an order of the Soviet Union, given to Red Army and Soviet Navy personnel for "exceptional service in the cause of the defense of the Soviet Union in both war and peace". The first recipient was Vasily Blyukher in September 1930. Kerim Kerimov has been involved in Soviet aeronautics from its inception. After World War II World War II, or the Second World War , was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including all of the great powers, organized into two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis. The war involved the mobilization of over 100 million military personnel, making it the most widespread war in history, Kerimov worked on the Soviet inter-continental ballistic missile program, rising by 1960 to head the Third Directorate of the Main Directorate of Missile Weapons (GURVO) of the USSR Ministry of Defense that oversaw secret test launches. Along with other rocketry experts, he was sent to Germany in 1946 to collect information on the German V-2 The V-2 rocket was the world's first ballistic missile and first man-made object to achieve sub-orbital spaceflight, the progenitor of all modern rockets. Over 3,000 V-2s were launched as military rockets by the German Wehrmacht against Allied targets in World War II, resulting in the death of an estimated 7,250 military personnel and civilians rocket.
In 1964 he became head of the newly formed Central Directorate of the Space Forces (TsUKOS) of the USSR Ministry of Defense. Following the death of Sergei Korolev Sergey Pavlovich Korolyov , (Russian: Сергей Павлович Королёв Sergej Pavlovič Korolëv; Ukrainian: Сергій Павлович Корольов Sergij Pavlovyč Korol'ov), (January 12 [O.S. December 30 1906] 1907, Zhytomyr – January 14, 1966, Moscow), was the head Soviet rocket engineer and designer during the Space Race in 1966, Kerimov was appointed Chairman of the State Commission on Piloted Flights and headed it for 25 years (1966 – 1991). He supervised every stage of development and operation of both manned space complexes as well as unmanned interplanetary stations for former Soviet Union The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics , occasionally called the United Soviet Socialist Republic, was a constitutionally socialist state that existed in Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. The name is a translation of the Russian: Союз Советских Социалистических Республик (help·info), tr. Soyuz Sovetskikh. Kerimov was also the Head of Chief Directorate of the Ministry of General Machine Building in 1965-1974, which was engaged in creation of rocket systems.
Soviet secrecy
As in the case of other Soviet space pioneers, the Soviet authorities for many years refused to disclose Kerimov's identity to the public. At televised space launchings, cameras always focused on the cosmonauts An astronaut or cosmonaut is a person trained by a human spaceflight program to command, pilot, or serve as a crew member of a spacecraft. While generally reserved for professional space travelers, the term is sometimes applied to anyone who travels into space, including scientists, politicians, journalists, and tourists and not the person to whom they reported their readiness to carry out the mission. As Kerimov was a "secreted general", he was always hidden from the camera's view; only his voice was broadcast. His name remained a secret until era of “glasnost Glasnost (Russian: Гла́сность, Russian pronunciation: [ˈɡlasnəsʲtʲ]) was the policy of maximal publicity, openness, and transparency in the activities of all government institutions in the Soviet Union, together with freedom of information, introduced by Mikhail Gorbachev in the second half of 1980s” in Soviet Union The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics , occasionally called the United Soviet Socialist Republic, was a constitutionally socialist state that existed in Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. The name is a translation of the Russian: Союз Советских Социалистических Республик (help·info), tr. Soyuz Sovetskikh, when he was first mentioned in Pravda Pravda was a leading newspaper of the Soviet Union and an official organ of the Central Committee of the Communist Party between 1912 and 1991 newspaper in 1987.
Retirement and death
After his 1991 retirement, Kerimov was a Consultant to the Main Space Flights Control Centre of the Russian Federal Space Agency The Russian Federal Space Agency , RKA, or RSA, formerly the Russian Aviation and Space Agency (Russian: Российское авиационно-космическое агентство Rossiyskoe aviatsionno-kosmicheskoe agentsvo, commonly known as "Rosaviakosmos"), is the government agency responsible for Russia's space science, and wrote The Way to Space, a history of the Soviet space program The Soviet space program consisted of pioneering initiatives within the Soviet Union by competing design groups. Being primarily a military program, it was classified. Sergey Korolyov was the head of the principal design group; his official title was "chief designer" (a standard title for similar positions in USSR). Unlike the early US. Kerim Kerimov was a Hero of Socialist Labour Hero of Socialist Labor was an honorary title in the Soviet Union and other Warsaw Pact countries. It was the highest degree of distinction for exceptional achievements in national economy and culture. It provided a similar status to the title Hero of the Soviet Union that was awarded for heroic deeds, but unlike the latter, was not awarded to, laureate of Stalin The USSR State Prize was the Soviet Union's state honour. It was established on September 9, 1966. After the breakup of the Soviet Union the prize was followed up by the State Prize of the Russian Federation, Lenin The Lenin Prize was one of the highest awards in the Soviet Union. It was created on June 23, 1925 and was awarded until 1934. In the period from 1935 to 1956, the Lenin Prize was not awarded. On August 15, 1956 it was reestablished, and continued to be awarded on every even year until 1990, on April 22 (Lenin's birthday), to individuals in the and State The USSR State Prize was the Soviet Union's state honour. It was established on September 9, 1966. After the breakup of the Soviet Union the prize was followed up by the State Prize of the Russian Federation prizes of the Soviet Union The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics , occasionally called the United Soviet Socialist Republic, was a constitutionally socialist state that existed in Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. The name is a translation of the Russian: Союз Советских Социалистических Республик (help·info), tr. Soyuz Sovetskikh, lieutenant-general Lieutenant General is a military rank used in many countries. The rank traces its origins to the Middle Ages where the title of Lieutenant General was held by the second in command on the battlefield, who was normally subordinate to a Captain General of Soviet Army The Red Army was the armed force first organized by the Bolsheviks during the Russian Civil War in 1918 and, in 1922, became the army of the Soviet Union. General Kerim Kerimov died March 29 March 29 is the 88th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. There are 277 days remaining until the end of the year, 2003 2003 was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar in Moscow Moscow (Russian: Москвa, romanised: Moskva, IPA: [mɐˈskva] ; see also other names) is the capital and the largest city of Russia. It is also the largest metropolitan area in Europe, and ranks among the largest urban areas in the world. Moscow is a major political, economic, cultural, religious, financial, educational, and transportation, at the age of 86.
Notes
- ^ a b Peter Bond, Obituary: Lt-Gen Kerim Kerimov, The Independent The Independent is a British newspaper published by Tony O'Reilly's Independent News & Media. It is nicknamed the Indy, while the Sunday edition, The Independent on Sunday is the Sindy. Launched in 1986, it is one of the youngest UK national daily newspapers. The daily edition was named National Newspaper of the Year at the 2004 British Press, 7 April 2003.
- ^ a b Betty Blair (1995), "Behind Soviet Aeronauts", Azerbaijan International Azerbaijan International is a quarterly magazine that features articles about Azerbaijan written in English 3 (3).
- ^ "Kerim Kerimov", Encyclopædia Britannica The Encyclopædia Britannica is a general English-language encyclopaedia published by Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., a privately held company. The articles in the Britannica are aimed at educated adult readers, and written by a staff of about 100 full-time editors and more than 4,000 expert contributors. It is widely regarded as the most, http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/914879/Kerim-Kerimov, retrieved on 2008-10-12
References
- The Independent. Obituary: Lt-Gen Kerim Kerimov.
- Interview with Kerim Kerimov in Azerbaijan International magazine
- Biography of Kerim Kerimov (In Russian)
- Encyclopædia Britannica. Kerim Kerimov, or Kerim Aliyevich Kerimov (Azerbaijani scientist)
Categories: 1917 births | 2003 deaths | Rocket scientists Categories: Rocketry | Scientists | Weapons scientists and engineers | Soviet scientists Categories: Soviet people by occupation | Scientists by nationality | Science and technology in the Soviet Union | Soviet space program personnel | Azerbaijani scientists | Azerbaijani generals | People from Baku | Stalin Prize winners | Heroes of Socialist Labor
|
144px x 146px | 13.80kB
[source page]
Interview with General Karim Karimov by Betty Blair Excerpts of this article have been translated into Azeri Latin in this issue
unknown
Mon, 26 Mar 2007 12:56:32 GM
uzay yar nda birle ik amerika'y yaya b rakan sovyet imparatorlu u'nda bu i in ba nda general . kerim kerimov. bulunuyordu. . kerimov. , buguen 83 ya nda ve bakue'de ya am n suerduerueyor. zaten ruslar'da birkac atasoezue vard r ki, ...
